Sheet 19900350

Die UNO-Offiziere warten in einer sandinistischen Cooperative, bei Bewohner, die kurz vorher entwaffnet wurden von Ihnen, auf Contrasoldaten. Die Gewerkschafter und der Contra Führer Jimmy Leo. Contras marschieren in die UN-Sicherheitszone der oea ciav. Gewerkschaftsführer Aguilar spricht mit Jimmy Leo (Contra Rebel) Ciav Nicaragua 1990 Acto de reconciliación entre el comandante de la Contra Fremio Altamirano, alias Jimmi Leo (dcha.), y el dirigente sindical sandinista Pedro Antonio Aguilar (izqda.) bajo la supervisión del comandante Peterson, de Naciones Unidas (centro). Las Colinas, Dpto. de Jinotega, 23 de abril de 1990 Act of reconciliation between Contra commander Fremio Altamirano alias Jimmy Leo (r.) and Sandinista labor union leader Pedro Antonio Aguilar (l.) under the supervision of UN commander Peterson. Las Colinas, Dep. Jinotega, April 23, 1990 Contras o contra (acortamiento de contrarrevolucionarios o contrarrevolución) es el nombre dado a los diferentes grupos insurgentes opuestos al gobierno del Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional (FSLN), en el poder en Nicaragua desde la derrocación, en julio de 1979, del gobierno del dictador Anastasio Somoza. Aunque el movimiento de la Contra agrupaba diferentes organizaciones con objetivos diversos y poca unidad ideológica, la Fuerza Democrática de Nicaragua, FDN, era su facción más importante. En 1987 prácticamente todas las ramas que formaban la Contra se unieron, al menos nominalmente, en la Resistencia Nicaragüense. Su líder principal era el coronel Enrique Bermúdez y alcanzaron la cifra de 17.000 combatientes (1987). Otro dirigente destacado, además de fundador de la Contra, fue Adolfo Calero. The International Support and Verification Commission (Comisión Internacional de Apoyo y Verificación, CIAV) was created as a joint approach to repatriating the Contras by the secretaries-general of the United Nations and the Organization of American States on August 25, 1989 in support of the Esquipulas II Peace Plan. Its mandate was to assist in the voluntary demobilization, repatriation or resettlement of the Nicaraguan Resistance (the Contras) in Nicaragua and third countries as well as assistance in the voluntary demobilization of all persons involved in armed actions in all countries of the region. In practice the UN involvement in CIAV was relatively short (from late 1989 through mid-1990), while the OAS participated in CIAV from the beginning and was deeply involved until 1993. In part this situation was due to the UN's emphasis on ONUCA (Observadores de las Naciones Unidas en Centro América - UN Observer Group in Central America), but it also reflected a geographic division of labor: the UN was assigned repatriation responsibilities in Honduras (where it was active only in late 1989 and early 1990), Costa Rica (where there were few Contras) and El Salvador (where there were practically none, and where the FMLN was having no part in any voluntary repatriation). CIAV-OAS, on the other hand, was assigned geographic responsibilities for Nicaragua, which meant that they were responsible for every Contra and Contra family member who crossed the border into Nicaragua, and continued to be responsible for the support of most of them through 1993.